Iaido dude

They are two mountain Tao/Buddhist sage-poets who lived on the outskirts of an established monastery during the early development of Ch'an practice and who are beloved by Zen masters and frequently featured in their artworks. Jittoku is most often depicted with a broom.

Tengen Chiben (1737-1805), whose art name was Gako (meaning "Goose Lake"), was a second generation Rinzai monk in the Hakuin Ekaku tradition. He lived and taught at temples like Onsenji and Nanzenji, leaving behind influential ink paintings and calligraphy that showcased his deep understanding of Zen Buddhism. He was known for his expressive figural paintings, especially of Zen eccentrics like Kanzan (Chinese Hanshan 寒山), "Cold Mountain") and Jittoku, following the tradition of Hakuin's lineage. However, this painting and accompanying inscription of one of Hanshan's most famous poetic quatrains (#5) shows his lively and individualistic brushwork. The dark outline of their bodies, eyes, and handle of broom stands out from the gray-wash of their clothes, serves as a compositional device to emphasize attention on the moon above. Interestingly, Gako substitutes the less formal Wǒ (我) for the first character Wú (吾) in Hanshan's poem, both of which have the same meaning. The verses connect the moon's perfect, untainted reflection to the enlightened mind (Buddha-mind or kensho), representing clarity, emptiness (mu), and the universe: 吾心似秋月 (Wú xīn sì qiū yuè) - My mind is like the autumn moon, 碧潭清皎潔 (Bì tán qīng jiǎo jié) - clear and bright in a pool of jade, 無物堪比倫 (Wú wù kān bǐ lún) - nothing can compare, 教我如何説 (Jiào wǒ rú hé shuō) - what more can I say1 This specific piece was purchased in auction for a mere fraction of its real value, perhaps unrecognized as the very example from a private collection that was published in Stephen Addiss' seminal book.2 1The Collected Songs of Cold Mountain. Translated by Red Pine; publisher Copper Canyon Press, Washington (2000), pg. 39 2The Art of Zen: paintings and calligraphy by Japanese monks 1600-1925. Stephen Addiss; publisher Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York (1989)

Enso Nakahara Nantenbo (1839-1925), whose Buddhist name was Toju Zenchu (Complete Devotion), was in the last 17 years of his life the Exalted Master of the main temple of Moyoshin-ji of the Rinzai sect. A contemporary of the great lay Zen master, swordsman, calligrapher/artist, and statesman Yamaoka Tesshu, whom he met while teaching at the training hall at Sokei-ji in Tokyo and had daily private meetings with, he was a tireless reformer of Zen monastic training and activity, emphasizing strict practice and koan study. Done when he was 80 years old, this delightful Enso shows Nantenbo's sense of humor even while encouraging the pursuit of enlightenment. The moon is a more concrete manifestation of the Enso in the empiric world, symbolizing sudden enlightenment. However, he also challenges us to make a diligent, single-minded, and bold effort to seize the opportunity for achieving self-evident truth. Tsuki (moon) appears in kanji as 月. The structure is not quite haiku. If that moon falls, I will give it to you, Now try to take it. kono tsuki ga, (この 月 が) hoshiku bayarou (ほしく ばやろ) tote miyo (とて みよ)

I have the full translation now. It appears as a poem attributed to Deshao (891–972) in Case #445 of Treasury of the Eye of True Teaching, which is a collection of classic Ch'an (Zen) stories, discourses, and poems used for teaching by the famous Ch'an Master Dahui (1089-1163): 通玄峰頂 (Tōng xuán fēng dǐng) 不是人間 (Bùshì rénjiān) 心外無法 (Xīn wài wúfǎ) 滿目青山 (Mǎnmù qīngshān) A monk asked Fayan, "What is one drop of water from the wellspring of Chan?" Fayan said, "It is one drop of water from the wellspring of Chan." When National Teacher Yuan heard this, he had insight at these words. Later, when he dwelt on Lotus Peak, he composed a verse saying, The peak of penetrating mystery Is not in the human world; Outside mind there are no things. Filling the eyes, green mountains. When Fayan heard this verse, he said, "It just takes this one verse to naturally continue our school." [Commentary): Dahui said, "The extinction of Fayan's school was just caused by this one verse." This poem refers to the central Ch'an teaching that we are created with the Buddha-nature or "true mind/original nature" within us. We are by nature enlightened. It is the delusion that the external world only exists as a projection of the mind that has us seeking enlightenment outside of ourselves through rational striving. 無 (Absence) is the original generative source of 有 (Presence) or the 10,000 things (called the myriad of things that comprises all of creation). 無 is "The peak of penetrating mystery"--The Tao itself. 有 are the things "in the human world." The awakened mind is not oblivious to the world. Rather, the ability to occupy that silent emptiness of 無 as home-ground through meditation practice allows us to experience the world more intensely and directly as it is ("Filling the eyes, green mountains"), without the distortions of deluded views. Indeed, we are one among the myriad of things. 無 unfurls its generative potential to create 有, which dies back into 無 in an endless cycle of creation. Rather than a separate sect of Buddhism, Zen is in fact a nativist expression of Taoist mysticism (already in existence for centuries) occasioned by the introduction of Buddhist thought from India, according to the Chan scholar and translator/poet David Hinton. Translation by Thomas Cleary, "Treasury of the Eye of True Teaching: Classic Stories, Discourses, and Poems of the Chan Tradition," (2022) Shambala Publications, Inc., pg. 287

This is a wonderful "One Character Barrier" calligraphy scroll by the Obaku Zen Master Tetsugyu, which starts with a pictorial representation of the character 通 followed by an inscription that I am having a bit of trouble translating. 通 can mean "all" or "through" or "to pass through (penetrate)." in koan Case 89 of The Blue-Cliff Record, it appears as “通身是眼” (My body is through-and-through hands and eyes). I think I can make out the phrase 人同心 (people of the same mind) and also 無 (no, none, nothing, not one thing) and 山 (mountain).

Thanks, Jean. I didn't realize there was a translation section.

This is a wonderful "One Character Barrier" calligraphy scroll by the Obaku Zen Master Tetsugyu, which starts with a pictorial representation of the character 通 followed by an inscription that I am having a bit of trouble translating. 通 can mean "all" or "through" or "to pass through (penetrate)." in koan Case 89 of The Blue-Cliff Record, it appears as “通身是眼” (My body is through-and-through hands and eyes). I think I can make out the phrase 人同心 (people of the same mind) and also 無 (no, none, nothing, not one thing) and 山 (mountain).

I made a tsuka from scratch for a katana out of modern production materials, but of course if you want a period tsuka, that is a different proposition since altering it is not desirable unless one doesn't care about maintaining original condition. Making one requires learning how to use a traditional saya nomi chisel that can be purchased (https://www.waltersorrellsblades.com/product-page/saya-nomi-Japanese-scabbard-chisel).

Oki Sogen (大森 曹玄) was the third abbot of Ryōbozen-an, a sub-temple within the Myōshin-ji school of the Rinzai sect of Zen Buddhism. The temple's formal name includes the mountain name Garyūzan. Myōshin-ji, located in Kyoto, Japan, is the head temple for the largest branch of Rinzai Zen Buddhism, with over 3,000 affiliated temples. The inscription is a famous line from an account of the enlightenment experience of Dahui Zonggao (大慧宗杲, 1089–1163) in an encounter with his master Yuanwu Keqin, which also serves as a Zen koan1,2: "Master Yuanwu ascended the high seat in the lecture hall at the request of Madame Chang K'ang-kuo (張康國夫人). He said, "Once a monk asked Yunmen this question, 'Where do all the Buddhas come from?' Yunmen answered. 'The East Mountain walks on the water' (Tung-shan shuei sheng hsing).3 But if I were him, I would have given a different answer. 'Where do all the Buddhas come from (諸佛皆出自何處)? As the fragrant breeze comes from the south, a slight coolness naturally stirs in the palace pavilion (薫風自南来).' When I heard this, all of a sudden there was no more before and after. Time stopped. I ceased to feel any disturbance in my mind, and remained in a state of utter calmness." Yuanwu was quoting the conclusion verse from a poetry contest in which Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty wrote an introduction verse stating, "Others suffer from the scorching heat, but I love the long summer days (別人受酷暑之苦，我愛夏日長日)." The poet Liu Gongquan then composed the conclusion verse, which Yuanwu quotes as his preferred answer to "Where do all te Buddhas come from?." The story highlights the Zen principle that enlightenment is not found through intellectual study or dogmatic answers, but through direct, immediate experience of the self-evident nature of truth. Just as one doesn't need to be told a southern breeze is cool, the reality of the Dharma is something to be directly experienced, not intellectually understood through words or concepts. We live our lives obsessed with gain and loss, caught up in self-interest, biased toward love and hate, and right and wrong, and we are driven back and forth by the dichotomous biases of the discriminating mind. Koan study is intended to induce the "Great Death," which severs us from this duality. 1Chun-Fang Yu, "Ta-hui Tsung-kao and Kung-an Ch'an." Journal of Chinese Philosophy V. 6 (1979) pp. 211-235 2Case 92 in "Entangling Vines: A Classic Collection of Zen Koans" (2013) 3Ibid, Case 49

This is a masterpiece that is translated as Water That Comes With Rain Creates Ripples (帶雨水生紋). Jifei Ruhi (即非如一, 1616–1671), known in Japan as Sokuhi Nyoitsu, was a Chinese Obaku sect monk and student of Ingen Ryuki and Mokuan Shoto. Together they were known as the "Three Brushes of Ōbaku" or Obaku no Sanpitsu, although each has a distinct style. Like the literal translation of the inscription, Sokuyi's brushwork glides smoothly like water down the page. This is a masterpiece. The box inscription is by the Taiwanese born Japanese Rinzai master Nakagawa Soen (中川 宋淵 1907-1984). This calligraphy, which Sokuhi brushed more than once (see below), may be a reference to a koan in The Blue Cliff Records, Case 46, called "Jingqing Hears Raindrops."1: “Jingqing asked a monk, 'What is that sound outside the door?' The monk said, 'Raindrops.' Jingqing said, 'Sentient beings are inside out. Obsessed with the self, they chase after external things.' The monk said, 'What about you, Master?' Jingqing said, 'I'm almost not obsessed.' The monk said, 'What do you mean almost not obsessed?’ Jingqing said, “'To cast it all off seems like it could be easy. Actually, the path will be hard.'" There is a waka attributed to Dōgen called the Yukonzan version that beautifully expresses the sense of the unity of consciousness, but this should not be confused with awakening: 耳に見て / 目に聞くならば / うたがは / おのれなりけり / 軒の玉水 mimi ni mite / me ni kiku naraba / utagawaji / onore nari keri / noki no tamamizu seeing with ears and hearing with eyes, there is no doubt that, the jewel-like raindrops dripping from the eaves are myself. The verse "Obsessed with the self, they chase after external things." is based on a teaching of the Surangama Sutra: "From the time without beginning, all beings have mistakenly identified themselves with what they are aware of. Controlled by their experience of perceived objects, they lose track of their fundamental minds." As commented on by Shōhaku Okumura-roshi, "...the fundamental mind (honmyō-meijō-shin,本妙明浄心, the originally pure and wondrous understanding mind) is compared to an innkeeper; the thinking-mind caused by encountering objects, therefore based on dichotomy between subject and object, is compared to the visitors of the inn. Thinking-mind is conditioned, impermanent and ever-changing, but the innkeeper is always there, so it is permanent." 1The Garden of Flowers and Weeds: A New Translation and Commentary on the Blue Cliff Record, Matthew Juksan Sullivan, 2021, pg. 193.

Lovely, Curran. They represent the 3rd style according to Fred Geyer’s paper on this topic. They speak of religious faith and sacrifice. I’m fascinated by the way in which Christianity resonated with a Buddhist mindset.

"Generic Edo Period" with numerous influences including Kyo-sukashi, Owari, Ohno smiths, which was sold as a Tanshu Sadamasa. I just like the very large size, heaviness, and motifs; mounts nicely on my katana for tameshigiri. Unexpectedly, it seems to have tekkotsu, but I dont' think it is Momoyama/early Edo. The indented tail feather motif seen at the bottom is unusual and not seen in earlier periods.

Very early massive "proto-Akasaka" Kirishitan Ikenie.

Thick early Edo Ohno Karuma with massive tekkotsu.

In response to Steve's plea for more steel tsuba: Ex-Sasano (gold book Plate 75) Kanayama "Thunderbolt"

Suio Genro (遂翁元盧, 1717-1790) became a disciple of Hakuin Ekaku at age 30. After the death of his master, he took over the Shōinji Temple. His calligraphy and painting reflect his master's style and depictions, especially of Daruma. This example, a favorite in my collection, is a decided departure from the depiction of a somewhat comically "clueless" patriarch and has much of the fierceness of Fugai Ekun's depiction especially in the eyes, and the flying white strokes that define the body are more angular and powerful. This is a more commanding and intimidating visage, which appears to have been inspired by both masters. However, his calligraphic style owes much to Hakuin. The inscription is of the classic Zen teaching regarding the non-verbal transmission of the mind/heart from master to disciple, traditionally attributed to Daruma. The third and fourth lines frequently accompany the Daruma paintings of Hakuin and Yamaoka Tesshu. A special transmission outside the scriptures, (kyōge betsuden 教外別傳) not founded upon words and letters, (furyū monji 不立文字) [Zen] points directly to the human heart/mind, (jikishi ninshin 直指人心) see into your nature, become Buddha! (kenshō jōbutsu 見性成佛) What does it mean to have a non-verbal transmission? I have asked Kenneth Kushner Roshi (Chosei Zen Dojo, Madison, WI) about this in relation to koan study. Rather than the common understanding of koans as puzzles or riddles, they are most commonly a record of direct encounters between master and student in a question/answer format, collected and widely distributed for centuries as a way to bring the immediacy of the Zen teaching character of great masters into the practice of future generations. It is the closest we can know of having an actual conversation with important Zen masters and Patriachs of the foundational Ch'an Buddhist lineage. The Rinzai school places a greater emphasis on koan study than the Soto school. Kushner Roshi says that when a student provides the "answer" to an assigned koan in face-to-face meetings, it is not through an intellectual or clever verbal explanation that the teacher recognizes a penetration of the koan. Rather, the enlightenment experience of seeing to the nature of the self (kensho) is expressed through evidence of a transformative and often physical experience that is ineffable, but that this is readily apparent to the teacher. Having not embarked on koan study, it is difficult for me to describe what this experience is like. However, even if I were engaged in such study, it is likely that I would not be able to do much better by way of explanation. This is truly a "special transmission" that is "not founded upon words and letters." Fugai Ekun Yamaoka Tesshu Hakuin Ekaku

Some of the artist collaborators sign and/or stamp their mei. Would you consider the waka we have been discussing a winter poem?

I am left wondering if the painting in my composition was not done by her even though it was not signed by a collaborator. I find it to be too refined--at least for an early work of hers. Or perhaps she did it at a later time in her life.

Here is another translation, which I like better. Lines 2 and 3 are shown with the correct kanji as they appear in the inscription. when white chrysanthemums by my pillow perfume the dark dreams of many autumn nights come back to me shira giku no (志らぎくの) makura ni chikaku (枕にちかく) kaoru yo wa (かをるよハ) yume mo iku yo no (夢もいくよの) aki kaenu ran (秋かへぬらん) Translation by Sayumi Takahashi in: Black Robe White Mist--art of the Japnaese Buddhist nun Rengetsu. M. Eastburn, L. Folan, and R. Maxwell; National Gallery of Australia (2007), pg. 69

Jan, there was no age given in her signature for our two renditions of her poem. How do you date yours as an early work? The poem itself or the fact that she did the painting herself? I have see numerous examples in which she choses to paint different subjects that appear in her waka, as in this case.

Ōtagaki Rengetsu (1791-1875). This calligraphy with painting is one of her most famous waka, evoking a melancholic solitude that was part and parcel of the life she led as a Buddhist nun. The moon or sun peeking out from the clouds is a lovely touch. living deep in the mountains i’ve grown fond of the sighing pines-- on days when the wind is still how lonely it becomes yamazato wa (やまさとハ) matsu no koe nomi (まつのこゑのみ) kiki nare te (ききなれて) kaze fuka nu hi wa (かせふかぬひハ) sabishikari keri (さびしかりけり)

Ōtagaki Rengetsu (1791-1875). This fan was originally mounted on a scroll that was presumably damaged. Fortunately, the fan itself was preserved by cutting it free of the scroll. It was auctioned as an unmounted cutout. I cut away several layers of backing paper and trimmed along the edges to give a free margin. Eventually, it will be remounted. For now, I intend to mount it loosely on a thin hinoki veneer, which can then be affixed to a biyobu for display during tea ceremony or on a shoji screen. This is a lovely poem with painting in her distinctive man'yogana script, which is vivid and very well-preserved in this example. Translation from Rengetsu Foundation (https://rengetsu.org/poetry_db/index.php). white chrysanthemums near my pillow scent the night... in my dreams how many autumns did I pass through? shiragiku no (白ぎくの) makura ni chikaku (まくらにちかく) kaoru yo wa (かをるよハ) yume mo ikuyo no (夢もいくよの) aki ka he nu ran (秋かへぬらん)

I'm trying to translate this Enso purportedly by Ikkyu Sojun, an eccentric and iconoclastic Zen master of the 15th Century. It looks like the first row on the right references Buddha and the next row to the left references Autumn moon. It is signed "Ikkyu 一休). Any thoughts?

Thanks, Piers. Wonderful. I had left this without the original calligraphy brushed by Kobayashi. Then today, my wife noticed that 佳 appears in both of the first lines (so there are a few additional kanji). It is the second character of her Chinese name. And of course she had to let me know that their is a calligraphy in "our" collection with her name in it--twice no less!