xiayang

泉州住正清作 = Senshū-jū Masakiyo saku

備州長船祐定 = Bishū Osafune Sukesada 天正十年二月 = second month of Tenshō 10 (1582 CE)

清重作 = Kiyoshige saku See also here: and here:

Looks like an old, slightly shortened (suriage) blade, signed 備前國長光 = Bizen (no) Kuni Nagamitsu

The signature reads: 濃州関住高井貞継鍛之 = forged by Takai Sadatsugu, resident of Seki in Nōshū Here's the smith's entry in Markus Sesko's Swordsmith's of Japan:

光俦 = Mitsutomo

At least it pretends to be Japanese... The inscription on the tsuba reads: 近江守長幸作 = Ōmi no Kami Nagayuki saku

Probably: 濃州関住源天秀鍛之 = Nōshū Seki-jū Minamoto Amahide forged this Amahide signed his swords in quite a few different styles. There's a similar-looking one in this thread:

I read it as: 濃州関前川助房作之 = Nōshū Seki Maekawa Sukefusa saku kore The name is not listed in Sesko's Swordsmiths of Japan, but see here for another example: https://www.nipponto.co.jp/swords10/KY337312.htm

脇指 無銘 = wakizashi, mumei 藤原高田 = Fujiwara Takada

塩田 (Shioda) is a valid Japanese last name. https://myoji-yurai.net/searchResult.htm?myojiKanji=塩田

Here's one side: 備前長船秋水子祐直六十二歲作 = made by Bizen Osafune Shūsuishi Sukenao at the age of 62 文政十三年正月三日 = on the third day of the first month of Bunsei 13 (1830 CE) This is his entry in Markus Sesko's Swordsmiths of Japan:

日置藤原兼次作 (因幡) = Heki Fujiwara Kanetsugu saku (Inaba) 慶応四年二月吉日 = on an auspicious day of the second month of Keiō 4 (1868 CE)

The smith's name is 義次 = Yoshitsugu

Hi Paul, Your sword is signed 福本兼宗 = Fukumoto Kanemune He was a WW2 era smith. Are there any stamps on the nakago?

Left: 光弘作 = Mitsuhiro saku Right: 政随 = Shōzui

無 – see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu_(negative) 學人轉身處 會麼口取 – (This appears to be some sort of Zen phrase. I'm afraid I am not familiar enough with the mysteries of Zen Buddhism to attempt a meaningful translation.) 欠伸子書 = written by Kenshinshi (one of Kōgetsu Sōgan's pseudonyms)

長陽 = Chōyō, an alternative name for Nagato province X城: This one's tricky, but let me speculate a bit: I suspect the first character is a variant form of 灞 (see here; not quite an exact match, but very close). If we go with that, the reading would be Ha-jō – perhaps a reference to Hagi castle (Hagi-jō 萩城)? 知清彫 = carved by Masakiyo

筑後柳河住久廣 = Chikugo Yanagawa-jū Hisahiro

應羽室廣静需 = responding to Hamuro Hirose's request

This is a poem titled 遊江 (A cruise on the river) by Tang dynasty poet Pei Qingyu (裴慶餘): 滿額鵝黃金縷衣， 翠翹浮動玉釵垂。 從教水濺羅裙濕， 知是巫山行雨歸。 I won't attempt a translation myself, as translating poetry is really hard and my meagre skills would inevitably butcher the elegance of the original. I'll leave you with a couple of machine translations. Neither of them are very good, but they will give you a rough idea what it's about: DeepL: A golden-threaded gown adorns her full-faced beauty, Emerald hairpins sway as jade hairpins dangle. Let the water splash her silk skirt, She knows it's the rain returning from Mount Wu. Google Translate: Her forehead is adorned with a robe embroidered with goose-gold threads, Her jade hairpins dangle and flutter. Let the water splash and wet her silk skirt, I know she is returning from a rainy day at Wushan.

These are two phrases that originate from the Zhuangzi (莊子) and are related to the Daoist concept of the spirit. A rough literal translation would be something along the lines of 萬物服 = all things submit 一心㝎 = a stable heart and soul

露木覺[所?]持 = owned by Tsuyuki Satoru[?] 昭和十乙亥歲十一月吉日 = on an auspicious day in November of Shōwa 10, year of the wood pig (1935 CE)

庒内住 = resident of Shōnai 行年六十八翁 = old man of 68 years 岡田雅哉 (花押) = Okada Masaya (kaō)

It's not Chinese. The document looks really weird. With a few exceptions (like the title 鑑定書), the "characters" are either completely unreadable or sort of resemble real Hanzi/Kanji, but not getting them quite right. I suspect it's AI-generated slop.