Good question, so I too will float this at the next 'opportunity' (gathering of sword know-it-alls).
Something I heard a year or two back was the existence of the 'abura-saya'. Following use, a sword blade was oiled and placed into a wooden saya which, from the residual oil, turned a darker and darker hue with usage and time. At some point the blade was then cleaned and placed inside a shirasaya, a white-wood sheath for long-term storage. The difference between a shirasaya and an abura-saya was visible in the colour, i.e. the oil staining.
As to the historical record, the first occurrence of dual usage, shirasaya for long-term, as opposed to battlefield koshirae for the short-term, I am all ears.