MauroP

Thank you, Colin. I was completely unaware of the connection between the Awa-Shōami school and the kenjō tsubako. Actually, the hakogaki by Satō Kanzan states in the third column: 阿波献上 正阿弥 ＊ Awa kenjō Shōami

Honestly I'd also said Kyō-kenjō, but here below two similar daisho tsuba: The first has an hakogaki by Satō Kanzan saying Shōami, the second a NBTHK paper with attribution den Awa-Shōami. So, don't be rude with your friend, if you say Shōami you will never be alone....

針石目 - hari-ishime (or just ishime). PS: indeed the NBTHK paper reports suaka-ishime-ji.

In the Edo period, gimei was not always interpreted according to the modern Western distinction between authentic and fake, but was part of a cultural system where imitation, transmission of tradition, genealogical prestige, and commercial value were deeply intertwined. This perspective emerges particularly clearly from Kameda-Madar's studies on the practice of utsushi. It would likely be of interest to more than one member of the NMB. https://www.academia.edu/10385390/Copying_and_Theory_in_Edo_Period_Japan_1615_1868_

Yoshihide 義英 * 芳英 * 美英 * 宜秀 * 敬英

Signature, kaō and workmanship seem all compatible with a true Teruhide tsuba. I'm more doubtful about the other pieces

This one deserved a hakogaky by Satō Kanzan sensei: 鬼鍾馗透鐔 ＊ oni Shōki sukashi tsuba 丸形 山銅地 ＊ maru-gata yamagane-ji 鋳金 銘 房吉作 ＊ chūkin mei Fusayoshi saku 昭和辛亥冬 ＊ Shōwa kanoto-i fuyu [1971, winter 寒山誌 ＊ Kanzan shirusu (kaō)

They are all "real ones" from Edo (sometimes pre-Edo) period, just mass produced for lower class customers (bushi and commoner as well).

Surely a cast tsuba, but possibly a legitimate one. Edo kagamishi can get a NBTHK paper.

I don't think this can disproof the genuinity of the sayagaki.

At that time, the Chinese were not communists, and the Japanese were not chauvinists....

Nice ko-kinkō tsuba, possibly shakudō-nanako-ji, with tsuyu-zōgan iroe. Here a similar example:

Thank you so much, Moriyama san. If even you have to make a guess, I feel less shy about my limited skills.

HGK4 宗典製 ＊ Sōten sei 八重菊透鐔 ＊ yaegiku sukashi tsuba 丸形 鉄地 影透 ＊ maru-gata tetsu-ji kage-sukashi 金象嵌 銘曰 ＊ kin-zogan mei iwa 藻柄子宗典製 ＊ Sōheishi Sōten sei 蓋★★之一也 ＊ ??? no ichi nari 昭和辛亥春 ＊ Showa kanoto-i haru [1971, spring] 寒山誌 ＊ Kanzan shirusu (kaō) Here, two kanji (or perhaps three) completely escape my understanding. They are part of an appreciative expression, so the meaning cannot easily be inferred from the tsuba itself. Thank you for reading.

Gotō Mitsumasa (kaō)