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Recently after my last post on the @Wah sent me a fantastic article on many of Emperor Meiji's swords from a special exhibition celebrating a century of the Meiji Restoration at the Matsuzakaya Department Store (Japan's first department store) from January 4-14, 1968, promoted by the Mainichi Shinsha Shrine & Kyoto Shimotsuke Shrine. I enjoyed it so much that decided I translated it and am sharing it here so that everyone else may enjoy it too. From Sword and History Issue 445 (September 1968) Emperor Meiji and Swords (Part 2) Author: Taiko Sasano The Emperor's Military Sword Earlier this year, at the start of the New Year, the "Modern Imperial Family Special Exhibition" opened at Matsuzakaya in Ginza. The number of exhibits was large, and the content was excellent. With such a fulfilling exhibition commemorating the Meiji era opening first, I couldn't help but worry about how difficult it would be for subsequent exhibitions—a concern for others, so to speak. Emperor Meiji's Military Sword, Bizen Province, by Nagayoshi (Chogi) (Tokyo National Museum Collection) In "Modern Imperial Family," two emperors, Komei and Meiji, were avid sword enthusiasts, so several swords belonging to them were on display. Among them were two military swords belonging to Emperor Meiji, exhibited from the Tokyo National Museum. During the sorting of the imperial sword collection immediately after the end of the war, it was initially decided to limit it to fifty swords (according to Mr. Tsunetsujiro Yoshikawa). Since many of the imperial swords have long and distinguished histories, relatively newer swords like Emperor Meiji's military sword were included in the sorting section. It was acquired and is currently housed in the Tokyo National Museum. The first of these gunto swords is a well-maintained large sword bearing the signature "Nagayoshi, Nagafune-ju, Bizen Province." It measures 2 shaku 3 sun and 4 bu in blade length, 8 bu and 8 rin for the curvature and a base width of 1 sun (see photo in black). The jigane (ground steel) has a distinct itame grain pattern and a pronounced shining effect. The hamon (hame) is a mixture of komabure (small swaths) and gonome (five-pointed patterns), with beautiful ashi (astitch) and sunagashi (sand-nagashi) patterns. Small spattered charcoal marks can be seen here and there. The ko (fine lines) have become irregular and have turned into komaru (small rounded patterns). The exterior is saber-style, with the area painted black lacquer in the usual style. As one of the Ten Great Masters of Masamune, this sword has a dignified Eastern appearance and is quite heavy. Therefore, while he favoured it in his prime, he apparently avoided it in his later years. The next sword is a work by Bizen Ichimonji Sukemune. It measures 2 shaku 3 sun 3 bu in length, 7 bu and 5 rin in curvature, and 8 bu in the base, making it appear gentler than the previous Nagagi. The jigane (ground steel) has a finely honed ko-itame (small grain) pattern a fine nie (crystal-like pattern). The hamon (blade pattern) begins with a small, irregular pattern, gradually becoming sparser toward the tip, becoming a straight sword with a slight ashi-iri (foot-like) pattern, but featuring abundant ha-mo (leaf) patterns. The tsuba (guard) is a small katsu (small buckle). The two characters "Sukemune" are vividly inscribed on the blade. The hilt of the saber-shaped sword is made of tortoiseshell, with striking black spots on a yellow background. Count Tanaka Mitsunori According to "Count Tanaka Aoyama" (edited by Sawamoto), this Sukemune was presented by Count Tanaka Mitsunori. The Sino-Japanese War, contrary to world expectations, saw Japan win battle after battle, ushering in the spring of 1928. A high-ranking official from the Imperial Household Ministry was sent congratulations on the victory which in turn resulted in an invite for a representative to visit the Imperial Headquarters in Hiroshima. The representative chosen for the mission was Tanaka Mitsunori, then president of Gakushuin University. A sword lover since his youth, he had a vast collection of famous swords. Among them was a sword by Ichimonji Sukemune, and he decided to use this opportunity to present it. Upon hearing of this, the wealthy Iwasaki Yanosuke requested, "I would also like to present an old Bizen Sukehira. Could you please take it for me?" The two were old friends from the same Tosa domain, and Tanaka readily agreed. Bearing the two swords, he reported to the Imperial Headquarters in Hiroshima on January 14th. Minister of the Imperial Household, Hijikata Hisamoto stood before and abruptly ordered him to bow to the Emperor. There, Tanaka offered his congratulations on the victory and then announced his intention to present the famous sword. Regarding the sword from the Iwasaki family, he said, "This is an old Bizen sword, 800 years old, but it is in excellent condition, as if it had just been made. It is like Minister of the Imperial Household Hijikata, sitting here, he may be old, but he has no grey hair, no hunched back, and is serving His Majesty well. This sword is just like that." He spoke with a touch of humour, and the Emperor burst out laughing, immediately approving the sword. The Emperor seemed to be very pleased with the sword given to him, and he soon used it as a backup. Because, as Tanaka Mitsugao had said, it was in such good condition and therefore it would stay on his waist. The weight was quite a burden though. So, in his later years, he used the Sukemune presented by Tanaka as his military sword instead. It was only 80% of the original habaki size, so it wasn't particularly heavy. Kuroda Kiyotaka Another military sword favoured by the Emperor, due to its lightness, was the Awataguchi Hisakuni presented by Kuroda Kiyotaka. Its blade was 2 shaku 2 sun long, had a 5 bu curvature, and a 8 bu base, making it about the same weight as his previous Sukemune. The jigane (ground steel) has the well-honed Ko-Itame-Hada (small grain) characteristic of the Awataguchi tradition, with a good amount of ji-nie (small crystals in the steel). The straight blade is interspersed with small irregularities, with beautiful foot and leaf markings, and gold lines can be seen here and there. The inscription is powerfully inscribed in the two characters "Hisakuni" at the centre. A typical Awataguchi sword, it truly deserves to be called a famous sword. This is no surprise, as it was originally handed down through the Yanagisawa family and bears a certificate of 3,000 kan from Bunsei 14 (1817). This was a gift from the Kuroda family to the Emperor during his visit to Kuroda when he visited the Capital in Meiji 18, November 1885. Incidentally, Emperor Meiji was well-built. The officer assigned to me during my middle school years graduated from the military academy at the end of the Meiji era. So the Emperor attended his graduation ceremony and said, "I bowed to the graduates, and I bowed to them with the same respect as General Oyama, who was standing behind them." Oyama Gen, a descendant of Saigo Nanshu, was also quite large, but the Emperor was about the same size. The Emperor was also very strong, and in his youth he enjoyed sumo wrestling and horseback riding. He even boasted about it. Consequently, until middle age, he preferred swords with a masculine appearance. For example, the "Kotegiri Masamune" presented by Maeda Sei (Lord of the Kaga Domain) was 2 shaku 2 sun 6 bu in length, which could be considered a standard size, but the blade was 1 sun at the base and 9 bu at the tip, making it quite heavy. There were 12 or 13 military swords, many of which were from the Soshu school, including: Aizu Masamune Aizu Masamune presented by Prince Arisugawa, Honjo Masamune presented by Tokugawa Iesato, (Translator's note: Unsure if there are two swords named Honjo Masamune? The author here is suggesting that a sword by this name was given to the Emperor Meiji by Tokugawa Iesato (1863-1940) and a sword by this name appeared in this special exhibition of Imperial Swords in 1968? Could it be a Hojo Masamune? The special exhibition's catalogue would confirm.) Soshu Masamune purchased from Ogawa Ikko, Samonji presented by Matsudaira Yoshisui, Noshu Kinyuki (unclear) presented by Adachi Masashige. Bizen swords included the aforementioned Ichimonji Sukemune and Nagafune Nagayoshi, Old Bizen Nobutomo presented from Takashima Shinnosuke Meiji 44 (Lieutenant General), Ichimonji Sukeshige presented by Matsudaira Yoshio, Kagemitsu and Kagemasa collaboration presented by Kawamura Sumiyoshi (Marshal). For more information on this sword, please refer to issue 423 of this magazine. The sword used by His Majesty when he supervised the large-scale exercises in Kyushu in the autumn of Meiji 44, 1911 was crafted by Ayanokōji Sadatoshi. It was a large sword with a blade length of over 2 feet and 6 inches, but because His Majesty was tall, it did not seem too long. In addition to the above swords, a naval dagger will also be on display at the "Modern Imperial Family Special Exhibition." It was on display. The exterior is standard, with a white handle and a black front, but the metal fittings feature a 16-petal chrysanthemum crest that shines brilliantly in gold. The blade is a 7 to 8 sun long tanto with an inward curve, and features a typical hamon (temper pattern) with large, irregular five-patterned lines. A favourite sword at his side Each of the Emperor's living rooms had a designated attendant sword. First, in the sleeping room (mikoshi) is the so-called Omakura sword. Its blade is Nagafune Nagamitsu, a 2-shaku 3-sun (approx. 1.5 m) long sword, with a thin golden plate covering the handle. All the other metal fittings were also made of gold, making it a luxurious piece that even the gods shone with golden light. Inner Throne Room Next, in the inner throne room is the so-called Hino-Omashi (sacred seat) sword. This sword was crafted by Kishin-no-taifu Yukihira, and also features a traditional tachi (long sword) design. The metal fittings are made of a quarter-grain alloy, said to have been formed by a mountain that erupted from the ground long ago. Several other swords were also present, but this Yukihira and the previous Nagamitsu were occasionally maintained by the Emperor himself. The Chrysanthemum Thone in the Main Throne room Next, in the main throne room, numerous famous swords were displayed on shelves in the nine-foot alcove and thr next room. Some of the more famous ones include: The one presented by Kuroda which was 2 shaku 3 sun long, and another from Motoda Nagazane, measuring 2 shaku 2 sun 5 bu. The Emperor seemed particularly fond of the latter, and had it fitted with a gold-plated tachi mounting. In the spring of 1893, the master craftsmen of the time, Kano Natsuo and Kagawa Hiroshi, were commissioned to create the koshirae. The gold base used for the sword was excavated from the Sado Gold Mine, with as much gold as possible refined at the Osaka Mint, making it literally pure gold. The mounting was first done by Natsuo, who presented a rough sketch to the Emperor, and the fittings were then approved after it was deemed suitable. Phoenixes are carved into the fittings while other parts are decorated with five-seven and grass motifs. The paulownia wood, in particular, is small, measuring just 2 shaku and 5 sun, so its construction was extremely challenging. Workers reported to the Imperial Household Ministry every day to work on it, but it is said that it took an astonishing 13 years to complete. Sanjo Munechika Odachi: The sword bears the inscription "Munechika," with a blade length of 78.5 cm and a curvature of 2.8 cm. It was presented to the Crown Prince (later Emperor Taisho) by Sakai Tadamichi of the Obama Domain in Wakasa Province during a tour of the Hokuriku region in September 1909, and was subsequently presented by the Crown Prince to the Emperor. For more on this, see issue 429 of this magazine. Tsurumaru Kuninanga Gojo Kuninanga (Tsurumaru): Presented by the Date family during the Emperor's visit to Sendai. For more on this, see issue 429 of this magazine. . Ichigo Hitofuri Yoshimitsu Awataguchi Yoshimitsu (Ichigo Hitofuri) This sword is famous since ancient times and is included in the "Kyōhō Meibutsu-chō", so I will omit its description. Kogarasumaru Yasutsuna Amakuni Yasutsuna Tengu (Kogarasumaru) was presented by Count Sou Shigemasa in 1882. For more information on this, see issues 426 and 441 of this magazine. The Tehata-hosui (SP?) sword was a gift from the former emperor and it comes with a tachi mounting. It is said to have been a favourite of the former emperor, and he was particularly attached to it. The other sword was presented by Marquis Saigo Tsunemichi and has a blade length 2 shaku (approximately 60 cm). It has a high crest, features a grained jigane, and is straight-edged, demonstrating the characteristics of a Yamato sword. It originally belonged to the Honjo family, lords of Miyazu Castle in Tango, but was presented by Tsunemichi, a sword lover. Sōzui Masamune Soshu Masamune (Sōzui Masamune) presented by Duke Tokugawa Iesatu. According to the "Kyoho Meibutsu Cho," this sword earned its nickname from being a favorite of Mōri Terumoto Nyudo Munezui. While in the possession of the Toyotomi family, it was appraised as Sagami Yukimitsu. It was later passed on to the Owari Tokugawa family, and presented to Shogun Tsunayoshi when he visited them in Genroku 11, 1698. It was presented to the Emperor by Tokugawa Iesatu in Meiji 28, 1895, and after the completion of the mounting for the sword presented by Baron Motoda, he commissioned Shakawa Katsuhiro to create a magnificent mounting. Kintano-Gō Gō Yoshihiro (Kitano-go): This famous sword is also listed in the "Kyōhō Meibutsu-chō" Book. It had been passed down through the Kaga Maeda family until it was presented at the Maeda residence by the family in July 1910 during the Emperor's visit. Originally unsigned, it features a gold inlay of Hon'ami Kōetsu in the centre. Uguisumaru Tomonari Ko-Bizen Tomonari (Uguisumaru): This was presented by Count Tanaka Mitsunori. Tanaka Mitsunori, who had previously presented Ichimonji Sukemune, was awarded the title of Count in September 1907 and received 20,000 yen in royal gold. This sword, the famous Uguisumaru, was likely a token of gratitude from Tanaka Mitsunori for this elevation in status, as it was presented in November of the same year to the Emperor, during a large-scale military exercise near Yūki Town, Ibaraki Prefecture. Uguisumaru was originally a long-held sword of the Ashikaga family. In March of the spring of 1489, Yuki Ujitomo of Shimo-no-Kami raised an army, enlisting the surviving son of Ashikaga Mochiuji. By order of Shogun Yoshihisa, Ogasawara Dai Katsutafu Masahan joined the army to fight in the Yūki campaign and fought bravely. He then issued a proclamation to have Mochiuji's surviving son executed. For his service, the Shogun bestowed upon him a letter of commendation and the famous sword Uguisumaru. As the sword has a deep connection to Yūki, where the great battles took place, Mitsumi presented it there at the imperial residence, accompanied by the following poem: "At every battle, I offer the sword that was destroyed at Katsuyama. Not even for a fleeting moment, as I offer the sword before the great master, I will never forget your mercy." After all the battles, the sword is enshrined at Katsuyama Castle. Katsuyama was a castle town in Ono County, Echizen Province, and the castle ruins are now called Nagayama. In Genroku 4, 1691, Ogasawara Tosa-no-kami Sadanobu was buried here, and the ruins lasted until the Meiji period. It was a magnificent sword with a blade length of 2 shaku 6 sun 1 bu and a curvature of 9 bu 5 rin, featuring powerful carvings of the taihi on both sides. For more information on this sword, please refer to issue 43 of this magazine. Bizen Tadamitsu: This swas originally a important sword of the Aizu Matsudaira family, but was given to the Yokami family as a gift from the family. Bizen Mitsutada: There was a 2 shaku 2 sun sword presented by the Hachisuka family as a gift from the family's successor, and another sword with a long inscription "Bizen Province Osafune Mitsutada" presented by Iwasaki Yanosuke. The latter, Osafune, is particularly valuable as a research resource. In addition to the Uguisumaru, another Tomonari was also presented by the Sakai family of Himeji. Keeping a Water Dragon (Suiryuken) (Tokyo National Museum) The Water Dragon ken (Suiryuken) was originally a part of the Shosoin Repository, but was apparently kept at the Imperial Palace during maintenance in the early Meiji period. It is a straight sword with a sharp edge, but the surface is smooth and has been tempered. The exterior was painstakingly crafted by Kano Natsuo, with a golden dragon on the hi-ai and kashira blades and a silver wave pattern on the edge. For this reason, it was named the Water Dragon Sword. While the blade's artistic merit is naturally inferior to the famous swords mentioned above, the Emperor likely treasured it because of its academic value as the birthplace of the Japanese sword. The Golden Dragon the scabbard Contemporary swords—perhaps more for the encouragement of swordsmiths than for appreciation—were also kept in his possession by swords made by Gassan Sadakazu and Miyamoto Kanenori. Sadakazu was particularly highly regarded and highly trusted by the Emperor. While I won't be listing just one Myochin ornament, I'll add a final note about the story of how the Emperor took a liking to an ornament made by Myochin, a renowned armor maker. In 1883, an art exhibition sponsored by the Japan Art Association was held at the office of Hibiya Daijingu Shrine. The Emperor, who loved not only swords but also paintings, sculptures, and other fine arts, attended the exhibition. At the time, most of the treasures handed down through the generations were still kept secret in the homes of former daimyo and nobles. Among the exhibits were some of the finest examples, making for a truly magnificent exhibition. Among the exhibits was an iron dragon exhibited by the Matsudaira family, lords of Mezuyama Domain. It was about seven lengths long, hammered out of iron, and each of the dragon's scales was movable, even down to the tips of its claws. After the Meiji Restoration, when armour orders suddenly dried up, Myochin, who found himself bogged down, created this "stretchy dragon," inspired by armour-making techniques. The Emperor seemed to be very pleased with this, and even after he had retired to the resting place, he ordered Tokudaiji, the Grand Chamberlain, to "call for the dragon." When it arrived, he was playing with it with great interest and desire. This incident was reported to be one of the greatest in Japan. Iron Dragon by Myochin When Sano Tsunetami, president of the Art Association, informed Matsudaira-do, the owner of the work, he was so honoured that he immediately offered to present it to the Emperor. Then, in the following year, another event was held at Tsukiji Honganji Temple. The Emperor also made a visit to that event. After the morning viewing, lunch was finally served in the great hall. There, in a large water basin, five feet in diameter, was a large loquat tree in bloom, with a crab attached to it. After lunch, as he was browsing the room with a toothpick, the crab suddenly caught his eye. He stood up, approached the wooden basin, and picked up the crab. His limbs then began to flap rapidly. With a smile on his face, "Wow, this is well made," he exclaimed in a magical voice. In fact, this was also Myochin's work. An antique dealer named Wakai had purchased it from somewhere for the princely sum of 200 yen (in those days), boasting that he could sell it for 600 yen to a foreigner. The Emperor brought it back to the table and repeatedly praised its quality, prompting Sano, chairman of the association, who was standing nearby, to consult with Minister of the Imperial Household, Hijikata Hisamoto, and propose presenting an offer to Wakai. "It would be a great honour if Your Majesty were pleased," he said. The Emperor immediately agreed. Upon hearing the offer, the Emperor seemed delighted; he put it in his pocket without wrapping it in paper, and took it home. His demeanour was like that of a child buying a favourite toy. Iron Crab by Myochin The Myochin family, whose centuries-old family business had been snatched away by the progress of time and whose fortunes had been sunk, must have felt as if a lost tree had blossomed upon hearing this story.

VERY GOOD POST BY COLIN> This is my favorite _half gimei_ Purchased in 2007. Now Tokubetsu Hozon NBTHK. Signed on the front by shodai Norisuke. Signed on the back by nidai Norisuke with his early signature "Norishige". It bounced around Europe for many years as a gimei. I bought it and studied it. Over time and with Tanobe-san help, I came to feel that the 'gimei' mistakes on the front were consistent with the nidai's handwriting. This design was known to be one of the last ones done by the shodai. There is a dated one on record. As the shodai lay ill and dying one winter, it seems the nidai finished the work and partially forged his adoptive dad's signature. Thus, it passed shinsa as a daisaku finished by the nidai. If we didn't have extensive records of the shodai and nidai, this one would have been declared "GIMEI' by the public at large. Judges things by the workmanship. Some people collect signatures, but sometimes you just have to appreciate a finely made piece and ignore the signature. I too like the kozuka of Kansan sweeping. Some of the gold inlay, [on his leggings] is the work of someone very skilled. Nice kozuka. Workmanship is good. --You get sick of it, I will trade you something for it.

Definitely. I find it particularly interesting, and honestly, I'm surprised that this blade isn't thrown around as much (at least where I communicate about tanto) compared to other Kunimitsu works like Aizu Shintogo, which more represent his "textbook" style of swordsmithing (leaning more into the Awataguchi School traditions, with hints of Soshu-den elements, like the clusters of chikei or rare burls of chu-mokume along the ji). At least for me, it definitely stands out as one of the more historically relevant early Soshu pieces to study.

Hello everyone, I have a strong interest in Japanese sword fittings, especially kozuka. This is my first post here and I would like to share two pieces from my collection. Both kozuka are signed “Joi”, but they do not have papers, so I am not sure whether the signatures are genuine or gimei. The seal on the left kozuka (the Kanzan sweeping scene) is inlaid on a raised silver plaque. I would really appreciate any opinions or comments from more experienced collectors. Thank you. Liang

Thank you Glen @GRC ! Happy to attach the other indexes here too. Volume1_Index.pdf Volume2_Index.pdf Volume3_Index.pdf

The smith's name is 義次 = Yoshitsugu

G'day Colin, Sorry mate, I am a little late to this party. Do you still have this tanto? I think it is a pretty good looking thing. I don't have any expertise to bring to the table about dating, but I can offer an opinion on the quality of the horimono. I think they look very good. Having tried to capture good images of horimono myself, I know they are tremendously difficult to photograph. It is very difficult to capture the 3D effects that can be seen with the naked eye. As a comparison, here is your Fudo, beside one done by Gassan Sadakazu. Mine is on a katana, not a tanto, but is contained entirely in the hi. From toes to top of head, it is probably about 3-4cm, which I think is similar to yours. Although yours doesn't have the same level of surrounding detail, the face is done very well. I have seen a lot worse. Cheers, Bryce

Well, I think it is head and shoulders above the other one. The technical quality of the inlay is excellent and the treatment of the laughing face likewise. The composition works well on the narrow kozuka….and the subtle inlay on his lower robe is easily missed. Not sure if it is meant to depict deerskin? High quality well made kozuka. I’d happily own it and personally would not worry about the mei. Quality is quality. re Shinsa for fittings….I rather lost faith when they papered a Nagoya mono!

Reading this story reminded me of an anecdote shared by Ted Tenold many years ago on this very board: I remember a story relayed to me about a Japanese swordsmith that was a visiting guest here in the US. He has made a few small tanto while here and was signing them the morning after a long night of libation. As he was inscribing the mei, he made an abrupt stop from his pace. He grunted and shook his head obviously annoyed by his misplaced strike of a single stroke. Looking up at the observers he laughed lightly and said, "In two hundred years, this is gimei!", then went back about his business. https://www.militaria.co.za/nmb/topic/4357-signature-comparisons/#findComment-38825 Useful reminders that for all their artistry and consistency, the great artisans of old were still human and subject to the same pressures as us; a slip of the hand, a bit too much sake the night before, the infirmity of age and sickness.

I agree totally with Curran…..some superb works have “questionable mei” but I often wonder…..are they really gimei? How can we be certain? Which ones are genuine and which not? Mei would doubtless vary as artists grew older, maybe even they even changed them deliberately …..we don’t really know. Records are a bit sparse. We do know many of these artists had teachers and pupils, perhaps even akin to many swordsmiths workshops. Iwamoto Konkan is a prime example where many wonderful works are catalogued as “after Konkan” or “school of Konkan” yet someone with immense talent made them. Who?….and why gimei something superb in its own right. Was it done with the blessing of the “master”, was it made by the master and signed by the student (as per some swords). We jump to the conclusion that it was done to deceive ie for £ but I remain hesitant to judge. Of course many pieces fall well short on technical quality or artistry and certainly we can be confident that they are indeed “wrong uns” but sometimes I wonder…… Just some wandering rambling musings🙂

Gimei happen. They happen a lot. Sometimes the false signatures are on otherwise beautiful works. I've love two or three for the workmanship, knowing the signature wasn't authentic.

Thank you all for the helpful comments. I’m very glad to meet and learn from everyone here. Personally, I am particularly fond of the kozuka on the left, depicting Kanzan sweeping. I find the nikubori-style carving very appealing and it reminds me somewhat of the style associated with Sugiura Joi. That said, I also have doubts about the signature, which is one of the reasons I decided to post these pieces here and ask for opinions. Since joining this forum and reading many discussions, I have also realized how common gimei can be in tosogu. As a relatively new student of this field, it has been quite eye-opening to see the different perspectives people have regarding signatures and even papers. I really appreciate everyone taking the time to share their knowledge and experience.

I feel one big problem on featuring the item in publications is item accessibility. Some items just don't get much exposure to public and for some I think it might be a rare occasion even to sword experts in Japan to see the item. Aizu Shintōgo on the other hand is on the easy viewing side, as it is on display. I've seen it and it is remarkable sword even though I am personally not a huge fan of that very fine workmanship, I prefer rougher items with more "character". Of course hands on viewing of a such an item is probably only possible for very selected few experts.

Thank you for another wonderful article Brett. I have seen the Chōgi at Tokyo National Museum and it is marvellous sword. I wondered how a sword like this did not have a high national designation but as your other article explained that these former Imperial collection pieces are above designating them, it all makes perfect sense.

Per a request for more photos...

Superb deal. This little tidbit just adds to the soup "The nidai Masachika, Kaei (嘉永, 1848-1854), Musashi province, never signed with the same characters as his father, but instead used 正近. Of note, the nidai was executed in 1868 for producing gimei blades." Although he could equally have been beheaded for politcal allegiances. Afterall Kajihei wasn't executed for his gimei foibles. Nethertheless an interesting historical demise.

Appears to be a Showato...not traditionally made. Wartime sword, I expect with the tassel you're looking at $1200 or around there. If paying much more than that, I would think twice.

Some remarkable deals here. A Nihonto in Gunto mounts, papered...for the price of a Showato?

Here's your guy: "KANEMUNE (兼宗), Shōwa (昭和, 1926-1989), Gifu – “Kanemune” (兼宗), real name Fukumoto Koichi (福本小市), born October 14th 1902, adopted son-in-law of Fukumoto Amahide (天秀), he died on March 8th 1977, ryōkō no jōi (Akihide)" I appreciate how you feel about your grandfather and this sword that represents so much. If you haven't read up on caring for the blade, this is a good site: Japanese Sword Care

Hi Paul, Your sword is signed 福本兼宗 = Fukumoto Kanemune He was a WW2 era smith. Are there any stamps on the nakago?

Hello Mindy: I can't read the smith name, however the date is Nov 1943. In addition, it looks like a showato, meaning a decent sword but not of great value. For Japanese sword collectors, I would assume 300-500 euro in that condition. For military collectors, maybe a bit more as a war relic. John C.

Dear Jonathon. The Board is usually a good source of information, but doing a search on naganobu gives a null result. I had a memory and went searching to my own archives and found this FYI: In the long course of history this sword has come to rest in my collection. I had a window put into it by Andrew Ickeringill and the result seems to be that this is a shoshin by Naganobu. Also encouragingly it is very similar to a Tokubets Hozon sword another collector has that I have personally handled. Shame about the nakago, nonetheless this sword is on my bucket list for polishing. A point worth mentioning is that the date is rendered in 'grass script'. Regards, BaZZa. aka Barry Thomas.

TACHI NAOHIRO in KOSHIRAE PUBLISHED ON PAGE 126 OF JOHN SLOUGH’S, “THE MODERN Japanese SWORDSMITH 1868-1945”. *MEASURMENTS IN INCHES. MEI: NAOHIRO SAKU KORE (TACHI MEI) DATE: TAISHO YON NEN HACHI GATSU BI NAGASA: 25 OVERALL: 30.75 MIHABA: 1 KASANE: 0.25 SORI: 0.75" NAKAGO: UBU MEKUGI ANA: ONE YASURIME: SUJIKAI MUNE: IORI HADA: KO-ITAME HAMON: SUGUHA BOSHI: KOMARU HORIMONO OMOTE: BO-HI with KAKU-DOME HORIMONO URA: BO-HI with KAKU-DOME HABAKI: 1 PC. SILVER KOSHIRAE There were a few Naohiro working in this time frame. Two are listed as working in Meji 1868-1912. Sloughs refers to this smith as Ueno Naohiro. Ueno Naohiro is listed as a Showa smith (1926-1989). This sword is dated Taisho (1915), so depending on his age when this sword was made certainly close enough for some overlap. If he was say 25 years old when he made this sword in 1915, he would have only been 36 in 1926. The blade has a very elegant and graceful shape as it tapers gently from a 1” motohaba to 0.625 (5/8") sakihaba ending at the ko-kissaki. Boshi is ko-maru The toshi-zori shape reminds me of the early Kamakura tachi where the kissaki was just slightly larger than the previous Heian period Ikubi kissaki. There are bo-hi carved bilaterally which end at the base in Kaku-Dome or squared end. The Kaku-dome are said to be the hardest to carve. The jihada is a tight well forged ko-itame/masame, almost muji. The hamon is an exquisitely controlled suguha in nioi-deki. Nakago is ubu with one mekugi ana, yasurimei is sujikai. The koshirae is modern as is the sword, with my personal opinion being that it is later or recent modern work. The koshirae is well made but feels like it was made very conservatively. It just doesn’t have the quality feel of a higher end koshirae. I do not mean to downplay the koshirae, but to maintain full transparency, I must be honest. So, what are the issues I am referring to? Almost everything, the saya is painted opposed to lacquered, the tsukmaki is far from well done. The tsuba is blackened or painted steel and some of the exterior has rubbed off. The pro’s are that the dragon menuki are pretty nice, The tachi fittings ie; kabutogane, ashi, koiguchi, kojiri are all matching and not bad, but are modern. This my opinion only, please look at the photos and decide for yourself. If I were to keep this one I would either have the koshirae redone or have a shirasaya made for it. REFERENCES: Hawley’s (NAO 30), pg. 573 Gendaito Meikan pg.108 Gendai Toko Meikan pg. 75B Slough’s Modern Japanese Swordsmiths pg.126 Nihonto Meikan (NMK-659) Toko Taikan pg. 446 Sesko’s, Swordsmiths A-Z., pg 764 To reiterate the blade is gorgeous. Courtesy of Sesko’s, Swordsmiths A-Z: NAOHIRO (直弘), Meiji (明治, 1868-1912), Ōshū – NAOHIRO (直弘), 2nd gen., Meiji (明治, 1868-1912), Musashi – “Naohiro” (直弘), son of the 6th gen. Naomichi (直道), he lived in Edo´s Ichigaya-Takajōmachi (市ケ谷鷹匠町), real name Yanagawa Saijirō (柳川才次郎), mostly a chōji-midare NAOHIRO (直弘), “Ueno Naohiro” (上野直弘) This Gendaito is published on page 126 of John Slough’s, The Modern Japanese Swordsmith 1868-1945 (see photo). Condition: See Photos. The information I have provided is all I have. Returns: Not accepted unless item is not as described. Ships USPS Priority Mail Insured. Your address and contact information is required to get an accurate shipping quote. Buyer is responsible for knowing your countries import laws and regulations. *LIMITED TIME SALE: As with all “sales” sale is final. $2800 plus S/H and any additional associated fees (pp, wire, etc.) *If you would like to own this beautiful Gendai Tachi, please contact me via EMAIL ONLY: yakiba.com@gmail.com

Here is another photo of the blade

Having also encountered this controversy the suggestion is the Midare Shintogo was daimei daisaku by Yukimitsu. The deviation in the signature to which you're referring could be the absence of the north crown radical on the mitsu kanji. A similar discrepancy is found on the 1306 tanto to which Tanobe sensei suggested reminded him of Yukimitsu's Mei in Token Bijutsu #29. Compare to Yukimitsu's signature.

I believe it should be this Jūyō Bijutsuhin tantō.

Some nice examples shown in this thread, thanks for sharing. I haven't seen one for sale in a long time. Only have one, it was gifted to me a few years ago.

Just picked up a first edition, first print of the Sword and Samé by Henri L Joly and Inada Hogitaro published in 1913 as a private print of 200 books. This is the OG in terms of books published on the subject of Japanese Swords in any European Language. It all starts with this book... An incredibly scarce book I have been hoping to get one for some time and was fortunate to find it in a little English Bookshop near Cambridge. This is copy 146. I must admit I am rather excited.

Nice surface activity on that one, better than a lot of the other smaller pieces

Likely post war kids swordfighting. No reason for them to have been done deliberately or during real action. This is from messing around. Luckily they aren't fatal, but certainly don't add anything.

Yamanaka V4 NL08 On another note, can someone please give me the smith name above the kao on this, from the post above?

Hello everyone, I've been reading more into Shintogo Kunimitsu lately, and I keep hearing controversy on the blade "Midare Shintogo" from the smith, particularly on the topic of its legitimacy as a signature. If anyone has an oshigata or a photo of the dagger, I'd greatly appreciate the chance to see this piece finally. Thank you, everyone, for your time! Best Regards, Zoglet

Made by Yoshichika, in 1944. A Gifu smith. "YOSHICHIKA (吉近), Shōwa (昭和, 1926-1989), Gifu – “Yoshichika” (吉近), real name Yoshioka Tetsujirō (吉岡鉄次郎)" Might have a small Seki stamp near the top. It's a nice looking sword and lucky to have the leather cover in such good shape. Company grade officer's tassel is a plus. Worth the price.

Great stuff, just one small thing - the measurements for the Nagayoshi are off: I assume this should be 70.9cm, 2.67cm and 3.15cm respectively?

Something I just noticed on the two examples I posted is that the horizontal strike on mitsu appear deeper than the other strikes. Reminiscent of some Norishige mei when he carved the shige kanji. One smith influencing another?

A couple more examples for your perusal: https://www.giuseppepiva.com/en/works/shinto-sunnobi-tanto-takahashi-naganobu-1846/ https://sanmei.com/contents/en-us/p2265_Wakizashi-signed-Takahashi-NAGANOBU-zou.html

A list of books has been added to my website below and will continue to updated in the coming days. Please email me directly with any inquiries and to confirm the exact amount with shipping. https://swordsofjapan.com/product-category/books/ Best regards, Ray

I'll play. This is a bit of the curve ball though. The Kaikuni Go has 2 quite different oshigata although the 1st one was probably drawn after it sustained fire damage and 2nd after an unsympathetic saiha. Echo's of this sorry workmanship

Hi Charlie, A few things go into the quality of a sword blade. It can be said that the standard of the forging is probably most important, followed by the level of heat treatment. The forging basically refers to the lamination of the steel and drawing out of the blade, here we consider are the laminations all properly welded, are there openings, how large and deep are any openings, how numerous are they, are there bubbles or air pocket at certain points in the steel, is there any cracking - this sort of thing. Then you have the heat treat to consider, is it nie/nioi, is the hardened area the correct hardness and in the right proportion to the spine, is it too brittle, how tough is the edge etc. This sword being a modern forged sword should basically have no flaws at all, especially if the maker is well-known. In the moden and contemporary era, there is no great need for swords, and smiths are limited in their production output by law. As a result, all blades made are custom order, and several are made at a time with only the best selected for submission to the client. The result is that swords made in the modern era have very few if any flaws.

SOLD

Well done Bruce. I feel that is all due to you guys.

Wow, nice to see we are finally making some progress in the collecting world! ZevAntiques has a souvenir at auction HERE with a title of "US 8th Army Japan Occupation Souvenir Sword" and a full accurate description! Hurray!!! It's the first souvenir on file with an Inaba blade, third with "29"

Hi all, I would like to share three tsuba that recently joined my collection: an Umetada tsuba with karakusa design (perhaps Momoyama?), a Kaga piece, and a Momoyama Heianjo. Each has a different taste and gives a slightly different feeling. Any thoughts or observations are very welcome.

Welcome to the Club! Is there anything special you are looking for?

Showing my case built with a friend, then I added every other element. All from cheap chinese seller (except the stones) : the leds, the handle to open the display case, the stands, the wide white satin sheet, the hygrometer and anti humidity silk bags.

Having a particular fondness for brass-inlaid tsuba, I eventually added several pieces from the Washida school of fittings makers to my collection. This sparked my interest in learning more about the school and its production. Over time I gathered a fair amount of information and eventually decided to compile it into a single document, which you can find in the download section of the board: https://www.militaria.co.za/nmb/files/file/210-the-shōnai-washida-school/ I hope you enjoy reading it as much as I enjoyed putting it together. As I mentioned, given my particular weakness for brass inlay, the document is somewhat biased toward the work of Washida Mitsunaka! Just as an example of the Washida production here are the pieces from this school (or supposed to be from this school) in my collection: NBTHK Hozon to Washida. Dimensions 85.4 mm x 85.3 mm, thickness 3.9 at seppa dai, 4.2 at mimi. NBTHK Hozon to Washida. Dimensions 85.3mm x 79.2 mm, thickness 3.6 at seppa dai, 4.0 at mimi. Identical to tsuba attributed by NBTHK to Washida. Dimensions 87.2 mm x 82.2 mm, thickness 3.7 at seppa dai, 4.0 at mimi. Signed in kinzogan mei Kyozan Mitsunaka with Kao. Dimensions 87.2 mm x 77.6 mm, thickness 2.6 at seppa dai, 4.2 at mimi. Dimensions 83.5 mm x 78.6 mm, thickness 3.0 at seppa dai, 4.1 at mimi. Dimensions: 96.9 mm x 13.9 mm, thickness 4.7 mm. REgards Luca

Grev, its been and gone... Just got the catalogue, well worth having, but the online download is probably just as good. Only 300 copies of the catalogue were printed. BaZZa.

Did I show my MEKUGI-NUKI in TSUBA shape? Forged from old (= 1880) wrought iron.

Torrez I think Jeans assessment of the guards is spot on. No.1 I have seen a lot of, must be thousands of them out there. No.3 also fairly common - there is what could be a collection series in this type, there is one with a fat faced child sitting atop a emakimona (picture scroll) that has the same 'look' and is also very common. The Kaneie (Kaneiye) are a real mine-field nearly everyone has one, but they were one of the most copied and there are a great number of 'Kaneie style' - meaning they have similarities to the works of the three 'Kaneie' masters. There are lots of these that have the signatures added at a later date, difficult field!